After providing a self-contained introduction to the kinetic theory of fluids and a thorough account of its transcription to the lattice framework, this text provides a survey of the major developments which have led to the impressive growth of the Lattice Boltzmann across most walks of fluid dynamics and its interfaces with allied disciplines. It is important to register that this book in underpinned by strong pedagogical principles. This is not an arcane monograph but rather a text to get to grips with this extremely disparate topic. One is confident that this book will serve very well the community of researchers who ply their trade using the Lattice Boltzmann equation.