This Reprint provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of vitreoretinal diseases, their clinical features, and the latest progress in diagnosis and treatment. Vitreoretinal diseases encompass a wide spectrum of ocular conditions affecting the vitreous, retina, and surrounding structures, posing major challenges for both patients and clinicians. The articles in this collection address the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and risk factors of disorders such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, and vitreomacular traction. Contributing authors highlight new diagnostic tools that enable earlier and more accurate detection of these conditions. Emphasizing innovative therapeutic and surgical strategies, this Reprint discusses advances in intravitreal injections, laser photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and emerging pharmacological approaches, with attention to their efficacy and safety. By gathering contributions from leading experts, this Reprint serves as a valuable reference for ophthalmologists, optometrists, and researchers. It aims to enhance understanding, promote timely diagnosis, and improve patient management and visual outcomes in vitreoretinal diseases.